Isolation of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from clinical samples: An investigation of patterns motility and production of melanin pigment

Objectives To investigate possible sources of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) in the clinical environment. Methods Different samples were collected from Amol City of Iran. Steps for the identification of S. maltophilia included culturing, biochemical tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of 16S rRNA gene and 23S rRNA gene. In addition, production of melanin pigment and patterns of motility of the bacteria, were also investigated. Results In our study, 20 S. maltophilia strains were isolated from clinical sources, oxygen manometer apparatus of hospitals were 7/110 (6.36%), blood was 1/777 (0.13%), sputum was 4/40 (4%), urine was 1/2 947 (0.03%), tap water was 1/240 (0.42%) and dental suction was 6/120 (5%). The isolated bacteria showed production of melanin pigment with rates of strong, moderate, weak, and lack of pigment. Types of motilities were seen in isolates. Conclusions The highest percentage of bacteria is isolated of oxygen manometer system and dental suction, yet has not been reported from oxygen manometer system. These bacteria have also been associated with patients who have respiratory problems, so it is essential for staffs of hospitals to draw attention to this source of bacteria.

[Isolation and identification of aflatoxin - producing Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus by PCR method from cattle feed in Shahr Ghods - Shahriar districts]

Background: Some of Aspergillus species are potential generators of aflatoxin that is a mycotoxin with carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. Animal feed contaminated with Aspergillus species produce aflatoxin, and transfer it to milk and dairy products that cause animal and human health problems. The aim of this study was to isolate any potential aflatoxinogen of animal feeds from farms area in the Shahr Ghods - Shahriar districts

Materials and methods: In this study, 394 cattle feed from 41dairy farming in Shahr Ghods - Shahriar districts in autumn, 2014, were randomly selected and they were tested for contamination with potentially aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus by PCR. Isolated Aspergillus from animal feed, by smear and culture, were examined by microscopic and macroscopic and then by molecular method. PCR method used in the presence of primers AFLR, Omt1, FLA1, Nor1, and Par1 to identify potential toxin generating Aspergillus

Results: The results of study showed 42 cattle feed contaminated with 8 species Aspergillus flavus by PCR which could potentially produce aflatoxin

Conclusion: The results showed that the dairy farming in Shahr Ghods - Shahriar districts were contaminated with Aspergillus flavus